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october 2006 rev 5 1/19 19 lm124-lm224-lm324 low power quad operational amplifiers features wide gain bandwidth: 1.3 mhz input common-mode voltage range includes ground large voltage gain: 100 db very low supply current per amplifier: 375 a low input bias current: 20 na low input offset voltage: 5 mv max. (for more accurate applications, use the equivalent parts lm124a-lm224a-lm324a which feature 3 mv max.) low input offset current: 2 na wide power supply range: ? single supply: +3 v to +30 v ? dual supplies: 1.5 v to 15 v description these circuits consist of four independent, high gain, internally frequency compensated operational amplifiers. they operate from a single power supply over a wide range of voltages. operation from split power supplies is also possible and the low power supply current drain is independent of the magnitude of the power supply voltage. order codes n dip14 (plastic package) d so-14 (plastic micropackage) p tssop-14 (thin shrink small outline package) part number temperature range package packing lm124n -55c, +125c dip tube lm124d/dt so tube or tape & reel lm224n -40c, +105c dip tube lm224d/dt so tube or tape & reel lm224pt tssop (thin shrink outline package) tape & reel lm324n 0c, +70c dip tube lm324d/dt so tube or tape & reel lm324pt tssop (thin shrink outline package) tape & reel www.st.com
contents lm124-lm224-lm324 2/19 contents 1 pin & schematic diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2 absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3 electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 4 typical single-supply appl ications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 5 macromodels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 6 package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 6.1 dip14 package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 6.2 so-14 package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 6.3 tssop14 package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 7 revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
lm124-lm224-lm324 pin & schematic diagram 3/19 1 pin & schematic diagram figure 1. pin connections (top view) figure 2. schematic diagram (1/4 lm124) inverting input 2 non-inverting input 2 non-inverting input 1 cc v - cc v 1 2 3 4 8 5 6 7 9 10 11 12 13 14 + output 3 output 4 non-inverting input 4 inverting input 4 non-inverting input 3 inverting input 3 - + - + - + - + output 1 inverting input 1 output 2
absolute maximum ratings lm124-lm224-lm324 4/19 2 absolute maximum ratings table 1. absolute maximum ratings symbol parameter lm124 lm224 lm324 unit v cc supply voltage 16 or 32 v v i input voltage 32 v v id differential input voltage (1) 1. either or both input voltages must not exceed the magnitude of v cc + or v cc - . 32 v p tot power dissipation n suffix d suffix 500 500 400 500 400 mw output short-circuit duration (2) 2. short-circuits from the output to v cc can cause excessive heating if v cc > 15v. the maximum output current is approximately 40 ma independent of the magnitude of v cc . destructive dissipation can result from simultaneous short-circ uits on all amplifiers. infinite i in input current (3) 3. this input current only exists when the voltage at any of the input leads is driven negative. it is due to the collector-base junction of the input pnp transistor becoming forw ard biased and thereby acting as input diode clamps. in addition to this diode action, there is also npn parasitic ac tion on the ic chip. this transistor action can cause the output vo ltages of the op-amps to go to the v cc voltage level (or to ground for a large overdrive) for the time during which an input is driven negative. this is not destructive and normal output is restored for input voltages above -0.3 v. 50 50 50 ma t oper operating free-air temperature range -55 to +125 -40 to +105 0 to +70 c t stg storage temperature range -65 to +150 c t j maximum junction temperature 150 c r thja thermal resistance junction to ambient (4) so14 tssop14 dip14 4. short-circuits can caus e excessive heating. destructive dissipa tion can result from simultaneous short- circuits on all amplifiers. these ar e typical values given for a single layer board (except for tssop, a two- layer board). 103 100 83 c/w r thjc thermal resistance junction to case so14 tssop14 dip14 31 32 33 c/w esd hbm: human body model (5) 5. human body model, 100 pf discharged through a 1.5 k resistor into pin of device. 250 v mm: machine model (6) 6. machine model esd, a 200 pf cap is charged to the s pecified voltage, then discharged directly into the ic with no external series resi stor (internal resistor < 5 ), into pin-to-pin of device. 150 cdm: charged device model 1500
lm124-lm224-lm324 electrical characteristics 5/19 3 electrical characteristics table 2. v cc + = +5 v, v cc - = ground, v o = 1.4 v, t amb = +25 c (unless otherwise specified) symbol parameter min. typ. max. unit v io input offset voltage (1) t amb = +25 c lm124-lm224 lm324 25 7 mv t min t amb t max lm124-lm224 lm324 7 9 i io input offset current t amb = +25 c t min t amb t max 230 100 na i ib input bias current (2) t amb = +25 c t min t amb t max 20 150 300 na a vd large signal voltage gain v cc + = +15 v, r l = 2 k , v o = 1.4 v to 11.4 v t amb = +25 c t min t amb t max 50 25 100 v/mv svr supply voltage rejection ratio (r s 10 k ) v cc + = 5 v to 30 v t amb = +25 c t min t amb t max 65 65 110 db i cc supply current, all amp, no load t amb = +25 c v cc = +5 v v cc = +30 v 0.7 1.5 1.2 3 ma t min t amb t max v cc = +5 v v cc = +30 v 0.8 1.5 1.2 3 v icm input common mode voltage range v cc = +30 v (3) t amb = +25 c t min t amb t max 0 0 v cc -1.5 v cc -2 v cmr common mode rejection ratio (r s 10 k ) t amb = +25 c t min t amb t max 70 60 80 db i source output current source (v id = +1 v) v cc = +15 v, v o = +2 v 20 40 70 ma
electrical characteristics lm124-lm224-lm324 6/19 i sink output sink current (v id = -1 v) v cc = +15 v, v o = +2 v v cc = +15 v, v o = +0.2 v 10 12 20 50 ma a v oh high level output voltage v cc = +30 v t amb = +25 c, r l = 2 k t min t amb t max t amb = +25 c, r l = 10 k t min t amb t max 26 26 27 27 27 28 v v cc = +5 v, r l = 2 k t amb = +25c t min t amb t max 3.5 3 v ol low level output voltage (r l = 10 k ) t amb = +25c t min t amb t max 520 20 mv sr slew rate v cc = 15 v, v i = 0.5 to 3 v, r l = 2 k , c l = 100 pf, unity gain 0.4 v/s gbp gain bandwidth product v cc = 30 v, f = 100 khz,v in = 10 mv, r l = 2 k , c l = 100 pf 1.3 mhz thd total harmonic distortion f = 1 khz, a v = 20 db, r l = 2 k , v o = 2 v pp , c l = 100 pf, v cc = 30 v 0.015 % e n equivalent input noise voltage f = 1 khz, r s = 100 , v cc = 30 v 40 dv io input offset voltage drift 7 30 v/c di io input offset current drift 10 200 pa/c v o1 /v o2 channel separation (4) 1 khz f 20 khz 120 db 1. v o = 1.4 v, r s = 0 , 5 v < v cc + < 30 v, 0 < v ic < v cc + - 1.5 v 2. the direction of the input current is out of the ic. this current is essentiall y constant, independent of the state of the output so there is no change in the load on the input lines. 3. the input common-mode voltage of either input si gnal voltage should not be allowed to go negative by more than 0. v. the upper end of the common-mode voltage range is v cc + - 1.5 v, but either or both inputs can go to +32 v without damage. 4. due to the proximity of external components, ensur e that stray capacitance between these external parts does not cause coupling. ty pically, this can be detected because th is type of capacitance increases at higher frequencies. table 2. v cc + = +5 v, v cc - = ground, v o = 1.4 v, t amb = +25 c (unless otherwise specified) symbol parameter min. typ. max. unit nv hz ----------- -
lm124-lm224-lm324 electrical characteristics 7/19 figure 3. input bias current vs. ambient temperature figure 4. current limiting -55-35-15 5 25 45 65 85 105 125 ambient temperature (c) 24 21 18 15 9 12 6 3 0 input bias current versus ambient temperature ib (na) figure 5. input voltage range figure 6. supply current figure 7. gain bandwidth product figure 8. common mode rejection ratio
electrical characteristics lm124-lm224-lm324 8/19
lm124-lm224-lm324 electrical characteristics 9/19 figure 9. input current figure 10. large signal voltage gain figure 11. power supply & common mode rejection ratio figure 12. voltage gain
typical single-supply appl ications lm124-lm224-lm324 10/19 4 typical single-supply applications figure 13. ac coupled inverting amplifier f igure 14. high input z adjustable gain dc instrumentation amplifier if r1 = r5 and r3 = r4 = r6 = r7 e 0 = (e 2 -e 1 ) as shown e 0 = 101 (e 2 - e 1 ). 1 2r 1 r 2 ----------- + figure 15. ac coupled non inverting amplifier figure 16. dc summing amplifier e 0 = e 1 +e 2 -e 3 -e 4 where (e 1 +e 2 ) (e 3 +e 4 ) to keep e 0 0v figure 17. non-inverting dc gain figure 18. low drift peak detector
lm124-lm224-lm324 typical single-supply applications 11/19 figure 19. active bandpass filter figure 20. high input z, dc differential amplifier figure 21. using symmetrical amplifiers to reduce input current (general concept) fo = 1khz q = 50 av = 100 (40db) for (cmrr depends on this resistor ratio match) r 1 r 2 ------- r 4 r 3 ------- = e 0 (e 2 - e 1 ) as shown e 0 = (e 2 - e 1 ) 1 r 4 r 3 ------- + ?? ??
macromodels lm124-lm224-lm324 12/19 5 macromodels note: please consider the following before using this macromodel: all models are a trade-off between accuracy and complexity (i.e. simulation time). macromodels are not a substitute to breadboarding; rather, they confirm the validity of a design approach and help to select surrounding component values. a macromodel emulates the nominal performance of a typical device within specified operating conditions (temperature, supply voltage, etc.). thus the macromodel is often not as exhaustive as the datasheet, its purpose is to illustrate the main parameters of the product. data derived from macromodels that is used outside of the specified conditions (v cc , temperature, etc.) or even worse, outside of the device operating conditions (v cc , v icm , etc.) is not reliable in any way. ** standard linear ics macromodels, 1993. ** connections : * 1 inverting input * 2 non-inverting input * 3 output * 4 positive power supply * 5 negative power supply .subckt lm124 1 3 2 4 5 ******************************************************* .model mdth d is=1e-8 kf=3.104131e-15 cjo=10f * input stage cip 2 5 1.000000e-12 cin 1 5 1.000000e-12 eip 10 5 2 5 1 ein 16 5 1 5 1 rip 10 11 2.600000e+01 rin 15 16 2.600000e+01 ris 11 15 2.003862e+02 dip 11 12 mdth 400e-12 din 15 14 mdth 400e-12 vofp 12 13 dc 0 vofn 13 14 dc 0 ipol 13 5 1.000000e-05 cps 11 15 3.783376e-09 dinn 17 13 mdth 400e-12 vin 17 5 0.000000e+00 dinr 15 18 mdth 400e-12 vip 4 18 2.000000e+00 fcp 4 5 vofp 3.400000e+01 fcn 5 4 vofn 3.400000e+01 fibp 2 5 vofn 2.000000e-03 fibn 5 1 vofp 2.000000e-03 * amplifying stage fip 5 19 vofp 3.600000e+02 fin 5 19 vofn 3.600000e+02
lm124-lm224-lm324 macromodels 13/19 rg1 19 5 3.652997e+06 rg2 19 4 3.652997e+06 cc 19 5 6.000000e-09 dopm 19 22 mdth 400e-12 donm 21 19 mdth 400e-12 hopm 22 28 vout 7.500000e+03 vipm 28 4 1.500000e+02 honm 21 27 vout 7.500000e+03 vinm 5 27 1.500000e+02 eout 26 23 19 5 1 vout 23 5 0 rout 26 3 20 cout 3 5 1.000000e-12 dop 19 25 mdth 400e-12 vop 4 25 2.242230e+00 don 24 19 mdth 400e-12 von 24 5 7.922301e-01 .ends the values provided in ta bl e 3 are derived from this macromodel. table 3. v cc + = +15v, v cc - = 0v, t amb = 25c (unless otherwise specified) symbol conditions value unit v io 0mv a vd r l = 2 k 100 v/mv i cc no load, per amplifier 350 a v icm -15 to +13.5 v v oh r l = 2 k (v cc + =15v) +13.5 v v ol r l = 10 k 5mv i os v o = +2 v, v cc = +15 v +40 ma gbp r l = 2 k , c l = 100 pf 1.3 mhz sr r l = 2 k , c l = 100 pf 0.4 v/s
package information lm124-lm224-lm324 14/19 6 package information in order to meet environmental requirements, stmicroelectronics offers these devices in ecopack ? packages. these packages have a lead-free second level interconnect. the category of second level interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in compliance with jedec standard jesd97. the maximum ratings related to soldering conditions are also marked on the inner box label. ecopack is an stmicroelectronics trademark. ecopack specifications are available at: www.st.com .
lm124-lm224-lm324 package information 15/19 6.1 dip14 package ref. dimensions millimeters inches min. typ. max. min. typ. max. a1 0.51 0.020 b 1.39 1.65 0.055 0.065 b0.5 0.020 b1 0.25 0.010 d200.787 e8.5 0.335 e 2.54 0.100 e3 15.24 0.600 f 7.1 0.280 i 5.1 0.201 l3.3 0.130 z 1.27 2.54 0.050 0.100
package information lm124-lm224-lm324 16/19 6.2 so-14 package ref. dimensions millimeters inches min. typ. max. min. typ. max. a1.750.068 a1 0.1 0.2 0.003 0.007 a2 1.65 0.064 b 0.35 0.46 0.013 0.018 c 0.19 0.25 0.007 0.010 c1 45 (typ.) d 8.55 8.75 0.336 0.344 h 5.8 6.2 0.228 0.244 e 1.27 0.050 e 3.8 4.0 0.149 0.157 l 0.5 0.127 0.019 0.050 k 8 (max.)
lm124-lm224-lm324 package information 17/19 6.3 tssop14 package ref. dimensions millimeters inches min. typ. max. min. typ. max. a 1.2 0.047 a1 0.05 0.010 0.15 0.002 0.004 0.006 a2 0.8 1 1.05 0.031 0.039 0.041 b 0.19 0.30 0.007 0.012 c 0.09 0.20 0.004 0.0089 d 4.9 5 5.1 0.193 0.197 0.201 e 6.2 6.4 6.6 0.244 0.252 0.260 e1 4.3 4.4 4.48 0.169 0.173 0.176 e 0.65 bsc 0.0256 bsc k0808 l1 0.45 0.60 0.75 0.018 0.024 0.030 c e b a2 a e1 d 1 pin 1 identification a1 l k e
revision history lm124-lm224-lm324 18/19 7 revision history date revision changes 1-oct.-2003 1 first release. 2-jan-2005 2 modifications on amr table 1 on page 4 (explanation of v id and v i limits). 1-jun-2005 3 esd protection inserted in table 1 on page 4 . 2-jan-2006 4 t j and r thjc parameters added in table 1. on page 4 . 4-oct-2006 5 editorial update. ta bl e 3 moved to section 5: macromodels on page 12 .
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